ISE - maintains identity of users, policies applied to users
Cisco Campus Fabric - VXLAN Tunnel, LISP, CTS (ISE)
Managed by DNA Center (DNA-C) - physical controller
Overlay - Logical
Underlay - Physical (Switches, Routers, WLC, APs)
4 layers
Physical
Network - overlay + underlay
Controllers
Management - GUI, REST-API, CLI
Fabric Edge Node - users connect
Control Plane Node (LISP) - mapping database
Fabric Border Node - connects to other networks (internal / external / hybrid)
Fabric WLC
Intermediate Node - forward at L3
DNC -C - physical appliance (single or 3 cluster)
ISE - physical or virtual
VXLAN - data plane tunnels
CTS - policy plane
Underlay - MTU increased by 50B
NCP (APIC-EM) Automation (overlay/underlay)
NDP - Assurance - collect data SNMP, Netflow, Telemetry
Workflow
- Design
- Policy
- Provision
- Assurance
LISP
Location Identifier Separation Protocol
Data plane only L3
ITR: Ingres Tunnel Router
ETR: Egress Tunnel Router
VXLAN
Virtual Extensible LAN
entire frame and adds VLXAN header + UDP, IP Ethernet
vnID = VLAN ID (24 bits 0-16 million)
SGT header (16 bits 64K values)
VTEPs (RLOC) - loopback interface on switch
Policy Plane - CTS
Cisco TrustSec (CTS)
SG - scaleable groups - within the same network
VN - virtual networks
tag on ingress, enforced on egress
Authentication Options
802.1X: Supplicant (Endpoint) > Network Authenticating Device (Switch) > RADIUS ISE (Access-Accept)
MAB: MAC Authentication Bypass
Web Auth
IP = EID
ETR sends map-register to control plane node
ITR sends map-request to control plane node, ETR sends map-reply to ITR
ITR stores EID-RLOC mapping in cache, 24 hour inactivity
Roaming Clients
New ETR sends map-register to control plane node
control plane node sends update to old ETR to remove device
old ETR will forward packet but send request for ITR to update cache
SD-Access Components
Catalyst 9000 switches
x86 CPU
IOS-XE
9200 - stackable, UADP-mini, low end (replaces Cat 2K) Edge
9300 - stackable, modular, standard (replaces Cat 3K) Edge
9400 - chassis, stackwise virtual (replaces Cat 4K) Edge
9500 - fixed, stackwise virtual (smaller core switches)
9600 - chassis, stackwise virtual (replaces Cat 6K) Core (only control plane or border node)
3850 and 3650
Routers
only control plane or border node
ISR 4300, 4000 (Features: VOIP, UCS)
ASR 1000 (Performance: Service Providers, bandwidth, table sizes)
ISRv - virtual runs on ENCS
CSRv - virtual runs on cloud
Wireless
Catalyst 9800 WLC
9880
9840
9800-L (replaces 3504)
Embedded - on IOSXE switch
9800-CL - cloud/virtual
3504/5520/8840
Catalyst 9100 APs
WiFi 6 802.11ax
DNA Center Appliance
Physical
Entry / Mid-Size / Large
UCS C220 M5 (1U)
UCS C480 M5 (4U)
ISE Appliance
virtual appliance
Secure Network Server 3615
Secure Network Server 3655
Secure Network Server 3695
Network Automation
Network Control Platform (NCP)
Automate configuration of network
reduce repetitive task / human error
Improve standardisation, same ios version
ZTP - zero touch provisioning
Network Analytics
Network Data Platform (NDP)
Big data
Analytics Engine on DNA Centre
SNMP, Syslog, Netflow, Streaming Telemetry
Database available by API or Assurance Engine
Network Assurance
Proactively monitor network
Visibility (Health Scores) LAN, WLAN, WAN
Device 360s
Path Trace Tool
Network Security
ISE
Visibility - Who, What, Where, Health
Segmentation - Macro (VRF), Micro (SGT)
Stop threats, isolate affected clients
pxGrid
Encrypted Traffic Analytics
visibility and malware detection without decryption
Stealthwatch, ISE, Cat 9K
Cognitive Intelligence cloud
- Anomaly Detection
- Malicious Events (what its is / what it has done)
- Threat Analysis
Rating 1-10, NCP to block traffic with high ratings
Anycast Gateways
Any valid device
SVI on every edge node, same IP Address, same virtual MAC